Page 13 - Petrosphere - Loss Control Management (LCM) Training Manual V 1.0

12 Module 1: History and Philosophy of Loss Control Loss Control Management (LCM)

Volume IV, entitled Homestead: The Houses of a Mill Town,
produced by Margaret F. Byington, studied the actual lives of people in
the Homestead Mill town. The first half of the study focused on the
English speaking population of the town, and the second on the “slaves”

as Byington referred to them. One of her most striking sections is titled
“On $1.65 a day” and describes the livelihood of an entire family with
only that amount to spend per day. Included are a number of wonderful
photographs of the village itself.

Volume V (The Pittsburgh District Civic Frontage) and Volume

VI (Wage Earning Pittsburgh), compiled by Paul Kellogg, the head of the
survey, were a collection of essays on the city. Complete with
numerous photographs, both pieces fleshed out the remainder of the
work, demonstrating the environmental effect of the steel industry as
well as the overall image of the working man. Kellogg, an eminent social reformer, later headed the
American Foreign Policy Association, and led an effort in 1915 alongside Henry Ford to end the First
World War. He spent the remainder of his life trying to aid the underprivileged and tell their story as he

had done in The Pittsburgh Survey.

History of Loss Control

Hazards are strongly believed to have emanated from the introduction of machineries. This
transition of manpower to machine power, exposed workers to moving gears, cutting blades and power
operation, which brought about the various hazards confronting workers at the workplace.

The old employer’s liability law was of no help to the worker because doctrines of the common
law supplied employers with an adequate defense against suits brought about by injured workers or their

families.

A Demand for Change: Legislative Progress

• 1870 – Employer’s Liability Acts (first corrective measures)

• 1897 – first true compensation act was passed by the British Parliament

• 1907 – The British Act also served as a model for the first compensation law in the US (1908)

• 1911 – The Compensation Law of Wisconsin (first significant legislation in the US)

• 1913 – The US Dept. of Labor was created

• 1915 – The American Society of Safety Engineers was organized.

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